Burma Democratic Concern has the firm determination to carry on doing until the democracy restore in Burma.

Monday 22 June 2009



ဗမာ့လြြတ္လပ္ေရး ႀကိဳးပမ္းမႈႈတြြင္ သခင္လူငယ္တုိ႔၏ အခန္းက႑သည္ အေရးပါ၏။
ပညာတတ္ လူတန္းစား သခင္လူငယ္တုိ႔သည္ ဒို႔ဗမာအစည္းအရုံးအတြင္း
ဦးေဆာင္မႈအခန္းက႑၌ ေနရာယူလာခဲ့ၾက၏။ ထုိသို႔႔ ေနရာယူလာခဲ့ျခင္းက
တြြန္းထုိး၊ ဖိႏွိပ္၊ ခြြေက်ာ္ၿပီး…ဦးေဆာင္အခန္းက႑သို႔
ေရာက္ရွိခဲ့ၾကျခင္းမဟုတ္။ အငတ္ငတ္ အျပတ္အျပတ္။
ပင္ပမ္းဆင္းရဲျခင္းႀကီးစြြာအား “စုေတ”၍ ရရွွိလာခဲ့ၾကျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။
ဖက္ဆစ္ ေတာ္လွန္ေရးအား လက္နက္ကိုင္၍ ဆင္ႏႊဲ၏။ ကိုလိုနီနယ္ခ်ဲ႕အား
နည္းလမ္းေပါင္းစံုႏွင့္ တိုက္ၾက၏။

ထုိ… ထုိေသာ လူငယ္မ်ားကား….. သခင္ေအာင္ဆန္း၊ သခင္ႏု၊ သခင္သန္းထြြန္း၊
သခင္စိုး၊ သခင္သိန္းေဖ (ဦးသိန္းေဖျမင့္)၊ သခင္ဗဟိန္း။ သူတုိ႔႔၏ အခန္းက႑က
ႀကီးျမတ္လွစြာႏွင့္….။

သူတ႔ုိ႔သည္ လက္နက္ကိုင္တုိက္ပြဲြဲဆိုလွ်င္လည္း ရိုင္ဖယ္ေသနတ္အား
ေမာင္းတင္ၿပီးအသင့္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ၀ါဒ ေရးရာမ်ားကိုလည္း ေလ့လာၾက၏။ စာဖတ္ၾက၏။
နဂါးနီစာအုပ္တုိက္သည္ သူတုိ႔ေၾကာင့္ အရွွိန္အ၀ါ ႀကီးျမတ္ခဲ့ရသည္ဟု
ဆုိရမည္ပင္။ စာဖတ္အား ေကာင္းၾကသကဲ့သို႔ စာလည္းေရးၾက၏။ သူတုိ႔က….
လိုအပ္လွ်င္ ရိုင္ဖယ္ေသနတ္အားကိုင္၏။ လိုအပ္လွ်င္မူ... “ကေလာင္”အား
ကိုင္ၾကျပန္၏။

ကုိဗဟိန္းက “ဓနရွွင္ေလာက”အား ေရး၏။
ကိုသိန္းေဖက “သပိတ္ေမွွာက္ ေက်ာင္းသား”အား ေရး၏။
သခင္စိုးက “မတ္(ခ္)၀ါဒၾကမ္းမ်ား”အား ဘာသာျပန္၏။
သခင္သန္းထြန္းက “လယ္ယာေျမအေၾကာင္း”ကို ေရး၏။
သခင္ႏုက “ရက္စက္ပါေပ့ကြြယ္”အား ေရး၏။
ထုိ႔အတူ သခင္ေအာင္ဆန္းသည္လည္း ကေလာင္ကိုင္၍ စာေရး၏။

(၂)

၁၉၃၃ ခုႏွစ္… ကိုေအာင္ဆန္း တကၠသိုလ္ ေက်ာင္းသားဘ၀။ ပဲခူးေဆာင္တြြင္ေနစဥ္
ဘာသာျပန္ စာေပ ၿပိဳင္ပြဲ တစ္ခု၌ သူ၀င္ၿပိဳင္၏။ ဂႏၳေလာက
မဂၢၢဇင္းမွွျပဳလုပ္သည့္ ဘာသာျပန္ စာေပၿပိဳင္ပြဲျဖစ္သည္။ ႏုိင္ငံေရး
သိပၸံပညာရွင္ ပါေမာကၡ Harold J.Laski ၏ Authority in Modern Stateမွ
အခန္းတစ္ခန္းအား ျမန္မာ ဘာသာသို႔ ျပန္ရျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။ “ပဲခူး ကေ၀”
ကေလာင္အမည္ႏွင့္ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္း၀င္ၿပိဳင္၏။ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္း ၏ စာမူအား
ေရြြးခ်ယ္ခဲ့၏။ ၁၉၃၃ခုႏွစ္ ႏို၀င္ဘာလထုတ္ ဂႏၳေလာက မဂၢဇင္းတြြင္
ေဖာ္ျပခဲ့သည္။

ကိုေအာင္ဆန္း ေဆာင္းပါးရွွင္တစ္ဦးအေနႏွင့္ ပထမဦးစြာေရးသားခဲ့သည့္
ေဆာင္းပါးက “Burma and Buddhism” ျဖစ္သည္။ ၁၉၃၅ခုႏွစ္ ဧၿပီလထုတ္ ဂႏၳေလာက၏
The World of Books တြြင္ ေဖာ္ျပပါရွိွခဲ့သည္။

“ဗုဒၶၶဘာသာ၏ အႏွစ္သာရမွွာ ေ၀ဖန္ဆန္းစစ္၍ လက္ေတြြ႔က်င့္သံုးနည္း ျဖစ္သည္။
ထုိနည္းမွွာလည္း ေကသမုတၱိသုတ္ေခၚ ကာလာမသုတၱန္လာ ေဂါတမ ျမတ္စြာဘုရား၏
ေဟာၾကားခ်က္ျဖစ္သည္။ ထုိေဟာၾကားခ်က္မွွာ အယူ၀ါဒတစ္ခု၏ အမွွားအမွန္ကို
ဆံုးျဖတ္ရာတြြင္ တဆင့္ၾကားမွ်ျဖင့္လည္း ဟုတ္ၿပီ၊ မွွန္ၿပီဟု လက္မခံသင့္၊
မိရိုးဖလာ အယူ၀ါဒျဖစ္၍လည္း လက္မခံသင့္။ ဤအရာသည္ ဤသို႔ျဖစ္သကဲ့ဟူေသာ
ေကာလဟာလျဖင့္လည္း လက္မခံသင့္။ က်မ္းဂန္စာေပႏွင့္ ညီညႊႊတ္သည္
ဆိုရုံႏွင့္လည္းလက္မခံသင့္ မိမိတို႔ ယံုၾကည္ထုိက္ေသာ ပုဂိၢဳလ္၏
စကားျဖစ္သည္ဟုဆုိကာ ပုဂၢိဳလ္စြဲျဖင့္လည္း လက္မခံသင့္၊ မိမိတုိ႔႔ေလးစားေသာ
ဆရာ၏ စကားျဖစ္သည္ဟုဆိုကာ ဆရာစြဲျဖင့္လည္း လက္မခံသင့္ပဲ ေ၀ဖန္စစ္ေဆးကာ
လက္ေတြြ႔လုပ္ၾကည့္၍ အက်ဳိးရွိွသည့္ အယူ၀ါဒ (၀ိဘၨဇ၀ါဒ) ကိုသာ
လက္ခံရမည္ဆိုသည့္အခ်က္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ၀ိဘဇၨ၀ါဒကိုသံုး၍ ျမန္မာ ႏုိင္ငံ၏
လြြတ္လပ္ေရးႏွင့္ တိုးတက္ႀကီးပြြားေရးအတြက္ လုပ္ေဆာင္သြားၾကရန္မွွာ
ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား အားလုံး၏ အဓိကတာ၀န္ျဖစ္သည္” ဟူ၍ Burma and Buddhismအား
နိဂံုးခ်ဳပ္ထား၏။ ၁၉၃၅ခုႏွစ္ တကၠသိုလ္ ေက်ာင္းသား ကိုေအာင္ဆန္း၏
အေတြြးအျမင္ျဖစ္၏။ ေတာ္လွွန္ေသာစာ။ သူပုန္ဆန္သည့္ အေတြြးဟုပင္
ဆိုရမည္ပင္။

(၃)

၁၉၃၆ခုႏွစ္ ရန္ကုန္တကၠသိုလ္သမဂၢ အမႈေဆာင္အဖြဲ႔ြဲ႔တြင္ တိုးတက္ေသာ
လူငယ္ေက်ာင္းသားတုိ႔ ေနရာရလာၾက၏။ ကုိႏုက အမႈႈေဆာင္ အဖြဲ႔၏ ဥကၠဌ။
ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းက သမဂၢမွ ထုတ္ေ၀သည့္ “အိုးေ၀”မဂၢဇင္းတြြင္ အယ္ဒီတာျဖစ္လာ၏။
ကိုႏု၊ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းတိုၾကား ကိုလိုနီပညာေရးအား သိျမင္ၾက၏။
ကိုလိုနီပညာေရးက ကၽြန္ပညာေရး အားေပး၏။ ကိုလိုနီအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးအတြြက္
ဗ်ဴရိုကရက္ေလးမ်ား အား ေမြြးထုတ္၏။ အမ်ဳိးသား အက်ဳိးစီးပြြားအတြြက္
အက်ဳိးမျပဳ။ ဤအတြြက္ တုိးတက္ေသာ အမႈေဆာင္အသစ္သည္ အဓိပတိလမ္း မွွေန၍
ေဒါင္းနင္းလမ္းအား လွမ္း၍ အံတုၾက၏။ သမုိင္းသည္ သမုိင္းေရးတာ၀န္ ထမ္းရြြက္
လိုသူတုိ႔၏ ပခံုးထက္သို႔ သမိုင္းေပးတာ၀န္ မ်ား အား ထမ္းရြြက္ေစ၏။

“အိုးေ၀”မဂၢဇင္း အတြဲြဲ(၆) အမွွတ္(၁)တြြင္ “ညဳိျမ”၏
ေဆာင္းပါးတစ္ပုဒ္အားအယ္ဒီတာ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းမွ ထည့္၏။
“ငရဲေခြးႀကီး လြြတ္ေနၿပီ” ဟူသည့္ ေဆာင္းပါးျဖစ္သည္။ ထုိေဆာင္းပါးက
တကၠသိုလ္အာဏာပိုင္ မ်က္ႏွာျဖဴ ႀကီးမ်ား၏ “ရင္”အား ထိေစ၏။ ေနမ၀င္
မင္းႀကီးမ်ား၏ ကုလားထုိင္အား လႈပ္သလို ျဖစ္ေစ၏။ မေက်နပ္ၾက။ ေနမ၀င္အာဏာအား
သံုးရန္ႀကံၾက သည္။ “အယ္ဒီတာ” ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းအား ေဆာင္းပါးရွွင္၏ အမည္အား
ေမး သည္။ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းက “အယ္ဒီတာ”က်င့္၀တ္အရ မေျပာ။ ဤတြြင္
ေက်ာင္းအာဏာပိုင္တုိ႔က ကိုေအာင္ဆန္း အား အေရးယူရန္ ႀကိဳးစား၏။ အေျခအေနက
ဤသို႔ေသာ အေျခအေန။

ငရဲေခြးႀကီး ေဆာင္းပါးပါသည့္ အုိးေ၀မဂၢဇင္းအတြဲြဲ(၆) အမွွတ္ (၁)တြြင္ပင္
အယ္ဒီတာ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းသည္ ဤသို႔ အယ္ဒီတာ့ေခါင္း ႀကီးအား ေရး၏။
ေခါင္းႀကီး၏ ေခါင္းစဥ္က “အႏုိင္မခံ”

“ငါ့အား ဖံုးလႊမ္းထားေသာ လကြယ္သန္းေခါင္ ဤေမွာင္မိုက္တြင္းမွေန၍
အႏိုင္မခံ အရႈံးမေပးတတ္ေသာ ငါ၏စိတ္ကို ဖန္ဆင္းေပးသည့္ နတ္သိၾကားတို႔အား
ငါေက်းဇူးဆိုပါ၏။

ေလာကဓံတရားတုိ႔၏ ရက္စက္ၾကမ္းၾကဳတ္ေသာ လက္ဆုတ္တြင္းသို႔
က်ေရာက္ေနရေသာ္လည္း ငါကား မတုန္လႈပ္၊ မငိုေၾကြး၊ ကံတရား၏
ရိုက္ပုတ္ျခင္းဒဏ္ခ်က္တုိ႔ေၾကာင့္ ငါ့ဦးေခါင္းသည္ ေသြးသံတုိ႔ျဖင့္
ရဲရဲနီ၏။ ညႊတ္ကား မညႊတ္။

ဤေဒါသ ေလာဘတုိ႔ ႀကီးစိုးရာဌာန၏ အျခားမဲ့၌ကား ေသျခင္းတရားသည္
ေၾကာက္မက္ဖြယ္ရာ ငန္႔လင့္လ်က္ရွိ၏။ သုိ႔ေသာ္ ငါကား မတုန္လႈပ္သည္ကိုသာ
ေတြ႔ရအံ့။ ေနာင္ကိုလည္း ဘယ္ေတာ့မွ မေၾကာက္သည္ကိုသာ ေတြ႔ရအံ့။

သုဂတိသို႔ သြားရာ တံခါး၀သည္ မည္မွ် က်ဥ္းေျမာင္းသည့္ျဖစ္ေစ၊ ယမမင္း၏
ေခြးေရပုရပုိက္၌ ငါ့အျပစ္တုိ႔ကို မည္မွ်ပင္ မ်ားစြာ မွတ္သားထားသည္ျဖစ္ေစ
ငါကား ဂရုမျပဳ၊ ငါသာလွ်င္ ငါ့ကံ၏ အရွင္သခင္ျဖစ္၍ ငါသာလွ်င္ ငါ့စိတ္၏
အႀကီးအကဲ ျဖစ္ေလသည္”

(၄)
၁၉၃၈ ခုႏွစ္။ ေအာက္တုိဘာလတြင္ ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းသည္
ဒို႔ဗမာအစည္းအရုံးသို႔၀င္ခဲ့ၿပီး သခင္ေအာင္ဆန္း ျဖစ္လာသည္။ ထုိစဥ္က သူသည္
ရန္ကုန္တကၠသိုလ္တြင္ ဥပေဒတန္း၌ တတ္ေရာက္ေနစဥ္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ထုိစဥ္က ကမၻၻာ့
အေျခအေနအား ကိုေအာင္ဆန္းသည္ ဤသို႔ ေတြြးျမင္ သံုးသပ္မိေနသည္။ သူ၏အျမင္အား
ဗမာ့ေခတ္ သတင္းစာတြြင္ေရး၏။

ဥေရာပတုိက္တြြင္ ျမဴနစ္အေရးေပၚေပါက္လာျခင္းသည္ပင္ ဒုတိယကမၻၻာစစ္ႀကီး
မလြဲျဖစ္ရမည့္အေရးကို ကၽြႏု္ပ္ ၏ အသိဥာဏ္အတြြင္း ထင္းကနဲ ေပၚေစေတာ့၏။
ထိုထက္ ေစာစြာကပင္ ၁၉၃၉-၄၀ခုေလာက္၌ ကမၻၻာစစ္ ျဖစ္မည့္အေရးကို
ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔တစု တြြက္ဆၿပီးျဖစ္၏။ ထိုအခ်ိန္ေလာက္တြြင္
လက္နက္ျဖည့္တင္းေရး ကိစၥမ်ား သည္ ႏိုင္ငံႀကီးမ်ား၌ လံုး၀ၿပီးစီးၿပီး
ျဖစ္ေသာေၾကာင့္လည္း ကမၻၻာႏွင့္အမွ် စစ္မီးေလာင္ကၽြမ္းခ်ိန္တြြင္ တို႔႔ဗမာ
မ်ား မည္သို႔ ေျခလွမ္းလွမ္းၾကမည္ကို ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔လူစု မေတြြးဘဲ မေျပာဘဲ
မေနႏုိင္ၿပီ။ ေျပာဆုိ ေဆြြးေႏြးၾက၏။

သို႔ေသာ္ ထုိအခါက ကမၻာစစ္ႀကီးမလြဲြ ျဖစ္ေတာ့မည္ကို တြြက္ဆမိရုံသာ
တြြက္ဆမိ၍ ဧကန္အတိအက်ကား ေျပာဆုိႏုိင္ခဲ့သည္မဟုတ္ေသာ္လည္း ျမဴနစ္ၿမိဳ႕၌
အဂၤၤလိပ္နန္းရင္း၀န္ ခ်ိန္ဘာလိန္သည္ မိမိႏုိင္ငံေတာ္ႀကီး၏ ဂုဏ္သိကၡာကို
မငဲ့မေထာက္ႏုိင္ရွာေတာ့ပဲ ဟာရ္ဟစ္တလာ ေၾကေအးႏွစ္သိမ့္ေရးအတြြက္
ဦးႏွိပ္လိုက္ သည့္အခါတြြင္ကား ကမၻၻာစစ္ႀကီး တခါးမ၌
ဆိုက္ေရာက္ေနၿပီျဖစ္ေၾကာင္းကို သဲထိတ္ရင္ဖို သိရွိရေလေတာ့၏။

ကမၻၻာစစ္ႀကီးက ျဖစ္ေတာ့မည္။ ျမန္မာ့အေရးက မည္သို႔႔နည္း။ မည္သို႔
ျပလုပ္ၾကမည္နည္း။ ဤတြင္ ကိုေအာင္ ဆန္းသည္ တကၠသိုလ္ပရဂုိဏ္မွ ထြက္၍
ဒို႔႔ဗမာအစည္းအရုံးသို႔ ၀င္ခဲ့ျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။ အားလံုးစြန္႔႔၍
လႊတ္ခဲ့ျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။ ဤသည္ကား သူ၏ “ဗမာ့လြတ္လပ္ေရး
အေရးေတာ္ပံု”ေဆာင္းပါးတြြင္

“ငါ့အတြြက္ ျဖစ္လုိရာ ျဖစ္ေစေတာ့ ႏုိင္ငံေရး ဂယက္၀ဲအတြြင္းသို႔
ေျခစံုပစ္၍ ဇြြတ္ဆင္းကာ ငါ၏ႏုိင္ငံ လြြတ္လပ္ေရးအတြြက္ မေနမနားစြန္႔စား
လံုးပန္းေတာ့အ့့ံ။ ဤအဓိဌာန္ကို သန္သန္ႀကီး ျပဳလုိက္မိ ေတာ့၏။ မည္သူသည္
ဤသို႔ အခါေကာင္း အခြြင့္ထူး ေရႊလမ္းႀကီးျဖဴးေနသည့္ အခိုက္မ်ဳိးတြြင္
ကိုယ့္ ႏိုင္ငံအတြြက္ စြန္႔စားေရးကို လက္လြြတ္ခံႏိုင္ ၿခိမ့္မည္နည္း
ဟိသစၥ၊ ထိုစကားမွွန္၏။ ကၽြႏ္ုပ္တုိ႔အတြြက္ မွွန္လွွ၏။ ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔
လက္လြြတ္မခံ။ စြြမ္းအားရွွိသေလာက္ ကိုယ့္လူမ်ဳိး ႀကံဳေတြြ႔ေနရေသာ
ၾကမၼာဆုိး ကို ကေျပာင္းကျပန္ ေမွွာက္လွန္ထုေတြြ အျမစ္ပါႏႈတ္၍ ေခ်ေတာ့အံ့။
သခင္အစည္းအရုံးမွွတဆင့္ ႏုိင္ငံ့လြြတ္လပ္ေရးတုိက္ရန္ တုိက္ပြဲတြြင္းသို႔
ကၽြႏု္ပ္ စတင္ သက္ဆင္းမိခဲ့ေလသည္”

“ဗမာ့လြြတ္လပ္ေရး အေရးေတာ္ပံု”ေဆာင္းပါးအား ဗမာ့ေခတ္ သတင္းစာတြြင္
ဗုိလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းအမည္ႏွင့္ ေရးခဲ့၏။ ၁၉၃၈မွွ ၁၉၄၃ ခုႏွစ္အတြြင္း
သူ၏ျဖတ္သန္းခဲ့ရသည့္ စိတ္ဘ၀၊ ရုပ္ဘ၀မ်ားအား ေရးသား ေဖာ္ျပထားသည့္ သူ၏
ရုပ္ပံုလႊာျဖစ္သည္။

(၅)

ေနမ်ဳိးႏြယ္တုိ႔ စစ္ရႈံံႈးၾကၿပီ။ ဆင္းမလားမွွ ေနမ၀င္ႀကီးတို႔ ရန္ကုန္သို႔
ျပန္ေရာက္၍ Cas -B အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးႏွင့္ ကိုလုိနီ သက္ အား ဆက္ရန္ ႀကံေနၾက၏။
ဖဆပလ ဥကၠဌ ဦးေအာင္ဆန္းသည္ ရန္ကုန္ၿမိဳ႕တာ၀ါလိမ္းေနအိမ္၌ ဆရာႀကီး
ဦးရာဇတ္ႏွင့္ လူထုဦးလွွတို႔႔အား ထမင္းဖိတ္ေကၽြးရင္း ႏုိင္ငံေရးႏွင့္
စာေပေရးရာမ်ားအား ေျပာသည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းက ထမင္း၀ိုင္းတြြင္
“လြြတ္လပ္ေရးရၿပီးလို႔ တိုင္းျပည္စိတ္ခ်ရရင္ေတာ့ က်ေနာ္ စာေရး ဆရာ ပဲ
လုပ္မယ္” ဟူ၍ ဆရာႀကီး ဦးရာဇတ္အား ေျပာ၏။ ၿပီးလွ်င္
သူရသည့္အခ်ိန္ေလးအတြြင္း ျခစ္ခ်ဳပ္၍ ေရးသားခဲ့သည့္ သူ၏အတၳဳပတၱိၱိအား
ျပသည္။

အတၳဳပတၱိၱိကား အခန္းႏွစ္ခန္းသာ ေရးသား၍ၿပီးေသးသည္။ အခန္းတစ္က “ဇာတိ”ဟူ၍
အမည္ေပးထားၿပီး၊ အခန္းႏွစ္ကိုမူ “ေက်ာင္းသားဘ၀”ဟူ၍ ေခါင္းစဥ္တပ္ထား၏။
ေနာင္တြြင္ သူ၏လက္ေရးစာမူအား သခင္ ကိုယ္ေတာ္မႈိင္းမွွ တည္းျဖတ္၍
စာအုပ္အျဖစ္ ထုတ္ခဲ့သည္။

က်ေနာ္သည္ ငယ္စဥ္က ေခ်ာင္တစ္ေခ်ာင္ကပ္၍ မိႈင္ေတြြကာ စဥ္းစား၍ေနေသာ္လည္း
ေနတတ္သည္။ ကေလးႏွင့္မလိုက္၊ အမ်ားအားျဖင့္ အိေျႏၵႀကီးသည္။ ကစားခုံစား
မ်ားစြြာ မေလ့က်င့္၊ သို႔႔ေသာ္ ကစားသည့္အခါ ၾကမ္းတမ္းသည္။ ၾကမ္းတမ္းေသာ
ကစားမ်ဳိးကိုမွွ ႏွစ္သက္သည္။ တြက္ထိုးျခင္း၊ က်ည္းသားရိုက္ျခင္း စသည္
တို႔ကို ၀ါသနာပါသည္။ ျခင္းလံုးခတ္ျခင္းကို မႀကိဳက္။ ရြြရြြလုပ္ရေသာ
အလုပ္ဆိုလွ်င္ က်ေနာ္ႏွင့္မျဖစ္။ အခ်ဳပ္ဆိုလွ်င္ က်ေနာ္၏ကေလးဘ၀မွာ
ခ်ီးမြြမ္းစရာ အလြြန္နည္း၏။ ညစ္ပတ္ေပေရ ရႈိႈိေျမာင္ေခ်ာင္း ေစာင္း
ကဲ့သုိ႔ အဖုအထစ္ အျပစ္အနာအဆာမ်ားသည္ စိမ္းလန္းစိုေျပ ညီညာေသာ
ျမက္ခင္းသဖြြယ္ ရႈႈခ်င္ သဖြြယ္မဟုတ္ေပ။

ထုိ႔ေၾကာင့္ ဆရာဒဂုန္တာရာက သူ၏ “တာရာမဂၢဇင္း”တြြင္ ေအာင္ဆန္း (သို႔မဟုတ္)
အရိုင္းဟု သူ၏ ရုပ္ပံုလႊာ အား ဖြဲ႔ြဲ႔ခဲ့ျခင္းျဖစ္မည္။ အရိုင္းဟူသည္ကား
ၾကမ္း၏။ ခက္ထန္၏။ သို႔ေသာ္ ျဖဴ၏။ ေျဖာင့္၏။ တည္ၾကည္၏။ လြြတ္လပ္၏။
က်န္းမာ၏။ သန္စြြမ္း၏။ ဤသည္ကို... ဗုိလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းသည္ ႏွစ္သက္၏။
သူ၏စိတ္၌ မ်ားစြြာ မွ ွစိုေျပလတ္ဆတ္ေသာ ဘ၀ဟု ယူဆ၏။ စိမ္းလန္းစုိေျပေသာ
က်ယ္ျပန္႔ေသာ ေရရိုင္း၊ ေျမရိုင္း ေပြြတြြင္ လူရိုင္းတို႔
“လက္ပန္းေပါက္ခတ္”၍ လြြတ္လြတ္လပ္လပ္ ျမဴးထူးစြြာ ေနႏုိင္သည့္ေခတ္အား
ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ ရည္ေမွ်ာ္ခဲ့၏။

ထိုေခတ္ကား………။

*မင္းေဆြြသစ္*

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?pid=1825641&op=1&view=all&subj=92650211228&aid=-1&oid=92650211228&id=552823826"

ASIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION - URGENT APPEALS PROGRAM

ASIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION - URGENT APPEALS PROGRAM
Urgent Appeal Case: AHRC-UAC-062-2009
22 June 2009
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BURMA: Licences of lawyers revoked for merely representing their clients' wishes
ISSUES: Rule of law; military government; judicial system
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CAMPAIGN PAGE
DEFEND THE RIGHTS OF LAWYERS IN BURMA
http://campaigns.ahrchk.net/burma-lawyers
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Dear friends,
The Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) has previously reported on the case of two human rights lawyers who were sentenced to four months' imprisonment each for contempt of court, because they withdrew their powers of attorney on the wishes of clients who cited the reason as a lack of faith in Burma's judicial system. Now we regret to inform you that the licences of both lawyers have been revoked in a similarly unlawful manner.
CASE DETAILS
The AHRC has documented in detail the contempt of court case against and imprisonment of Supreme Court lawyers U Khin Maung Shein and U Aung Thein in September 2008 after they submitted letters to a court withdrawing their powers of attorney citing their clients statements that they had "no longer had faith in the judicial process". The judge attributed the statement to the lawyers rather than their clients and brought a charge of contempt against them. In November the two were found guilty without being able to defend themselves, and were sent to prisons far from their homes in Rangoon. They were released in March 2009.
In May the two rights lawyers were sent a copy of an order disbarring them from practice as lawyers. Ironically, the law revoked their licences under terms of a law that also should entitle them to tribunal hearings, and again, guarantees the right to present a defence in any disciplinary proceedings, which the two were denied.
Full details of the case are available at: http://campaigns.ahrchk.net/burma-lawyers Additional details also are contained in the sample letter, below.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION:
The AHRC has been documenting numerous cases speaking to what it has described as Burma's "injustice system" and Urgent Appeals on many of these can be accessed by going to the appeals' page and entering "Burma" into the search box: http://www.ahrchk.net/ua/search.php Two special reports have also been issued in the article 2 periodical, "Saffron Revolution imprisoned, law denied" (vol. 7, no. 3, September 2008) and "Burma, political psychosis and legal dementia" (vol. 6, no. 5-6, December 2007).
There are also a number of related sites, including the AHRC Burmese-language blog, Pyithu Hittaing, and the most recent campaign page on lawyers imprisoned for attempting to defend their clients: http://campaigns.ahrchk.net/burma-lawyers/
See also the 2008 AHRC Human Rights Report chapter on Burma.
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SUGGESTED ACTION:
Please write to the persons listed below to call for a review of the procedure to revoke the two lawyers' licences. Please note that for the purpose of the letter, the country should be referred to by its official title of Myanmar, rather than Burma, and Rangoon should be Yangon.
Please be informed that the AHRC is writing a separate letter to the UN Special Rapporteurs on Myanmar and independence of judges and lawyers as well as the UN Special Representative on human rights defenders, and the regional human rights office for Southeast Asia, calling for interventions into this case.
SAMPLE LETTER:
Dear ___________,
MYANMAR: Revocation of lawyers' licences not in accordance with law
Lawyers whose licences revoked:
1. U Aung Thein, Advocate No. 2703, residing in Ward 8, Thingangyun Township, Yangon
2. U Khin Maung Shein, Advocate No. 4660, residing in Bogone Ward, Insein Township, Yangon
Under: Supreme Court Order No. 46/2009, signed by Than Myaing, Director; dated 15 May 2009
I regret to learn that after four months' unjust and illegal imprisonment, two Supreme Court advocates in Myanmar have had their licences revoked, and I call on you to review the allegations against them and reinstate their rights to practice law.
Briefly, I am aware that U Aung Thein and U Khin Maung Shein are both advocates of long experience who in 2008 were representing many defendants in criminal cases arising from the protests of September 2007, including the defendants in Felony Nos. 307-311/2008 before Judge Daw Aye Myaing of the Hlaing Township Court. At the hearing of 6 October 2008 one of the defendants, speaking on behalf of the others, informed the court that as they "no longer had faith in the judicial process" that they would withdraw the power of attorney from the two lawyers. At the hearing of October 20 Khin Maung Shein in the courtroom gave the submissions to withdraw power of attorney. The defendants read the documents thoroughly and each signed them. The two attorneys also had their signatures affixed. Then the documents were submitted to the court. At that time the judge said that the remark that the defendants "no longer had faith in the judicial process" had not been made orally at the earlier hearing and said that the lawyers had themselves inserted it.
The Hlaing Township Court then made an application to the Supreme Court under section 3 of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1926, that, contempt of court may be punished with imprisonment for a term that may extend to six months, in Miscellaneous Criminal Application No. 99/2008, Daw Naw Than Than Aye applicant. The aforesaid act has no provisions in it at all to define the circumstances or manner in which contempt may be proven or otherwise.
On 6 November 2008 the Supreme Court found the two advocates guilty of contempt of court and sentenced them to four months' imprisonment each, despite its own apparent uncertainty about what had transpired.
After their release on 6 March 2009, the two lawyers went back to work but on 15 May 2009 they were sent copies of Supreme Court Order No. 46 /2009, disbarring them from practice.
Ironically, the order dismissing them from service cited section 10(1) of the Bar Council Act 1926, authorizing the court to remove lawyers found guilty of misconduct. The same law also very clearly lays down the procedure for holding a tribunal to investigate misconduct prior to suspension or removal, including, in section 12(3), that the court shall inform the accused advocate of the date of hearing and "shall afford the advocate concerned... an opportunity of being heard before orders are passed in the case". None of that happened in this case.
I urge the authorities in Myanmar to review as a matter of urgency the revoking of these two lawyers' licences, with a view to reinstating them to the profession or at very least affording them the fair hearing to which they are undeniably entitled but have so far been denied.
Yours sincerely
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PLEASE SEND YOUR LETTERS TO:
1. Maj-Gen. Maung Oo
Minister for Home Affairs
Ministry of Home Affairs
Office No. 10
Naypyitaw
MYANMAR
Tel: +95 67 412 079/ 549 393/ 549 663
Fax: +95 67 412 439
2. Lt-Gen. Thein Sein
Prime Minister
c/o Ministry of Defence
Naypyitaw
MYANMAR
Tel: + 95 1 372 681
Fax: + 95 1 652 624
3. U Aung Toe
Chief Justice
Office of the Supreme Court
Office No. 24
Naypyitaw
MYANMAR
Tel: + 95 67 404 080/ 071/ 078/ 067 or + 95 1 372 145
Fax: + 95 67 404 059
4. U Aye Maung
Attorney General
Office of the Attorney General
Office No. 25
Naypyitaw
MYANMAR
Tel: +95 67 404 088/ 090/ 092/ 094/ 097
Fax: +95 67 404 146/ 106
Thank you.
Urgent Appeals Programme
Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) (ua@ahrc.asia)


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Asian Human Rights Commission
19/F, Go-Up Commercial Building,
998 Canton Road, Kowloon, Hongkong S.A.R.
Tel: +(852) - 2698-6339 Fax: +(852) - 2698-6367
Dkba Recording
Dkba Cry Out
Article 9
Hon. Larry Bagnell, Chairman of the Parliamentary Friends of Burma in Canada prepared the letter to urge the Government of Canada to support a United Nation’s Commission of Inquiry, and referral of the situation in Burma to the International Criminal Court, as well as support for a Global Arms Embargo, and a binding UN Security Council resolution on Burma's military regime.
On June 19th (Daw Aung San Suu Kyi's birthday), this crucial letter (see below) is signed by 50 Canadian Senators and Members of Parliament from all parties; and Mr. Bagnell will continue next week to get more signatures of Canadian Parliament.

For media contact, see below contact info.
Hon. Larry Bagnell P.C., M.P.
Chair of Parliamentary Friends of Burma / Président des Parlementaires amis de la Birmanie
Room 446-S, Centre Block
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0A6
Tel: (613) 995-9368
Fax: (613) 995-0945

---------- Forwarded message ----------

Alan Tonks York South - Weston
Alexandra Mendés Brossard—La Prairie
Bernard Bigras Rosemont-La petite-Patrie
Brad Trost Saskatoon-Humboldt
Bruce Hyer Thunder Bay - Superior North
Bruce Stanton Simcoe North
Carole Lavalée St.Bruno-St.Hubert
Christiane Gagnon Députée de Québec
Claude Bachand Saint-Jean
Derek Lee Scarborough - Rouge River
Diane Bourgeois Terrebonne - Blainville
Francine Lalonde La Pointe-de-l'Île
Frank Valeriote Guelph
Garry Breitkreuz Yorkton—Melville
Gérard Asselin Manicouagan
Gilles Duceppe Leader of Bloc Québécois
Hon. Anita Neville Winnipeg South Centre
Hon. Bob Rae Toronto Centre
Hon. Geoff Regan Halifax West
Hon. John McKay Scarborough—Guildwood
Hon. Larry Bagnell Yukon
Hon. Marlene Jennings Notre-Dame-de-Grâce – Lachine
Hon. Wayne Easter Malapeque
Hon.Hedy Fry Vancouver Centre
Hon.Shawn Murphy Charlottetown
Irene Mathyssen London—Fanshawe
Jean Crowder Nanaimo - Cowichan
Jean Dorion Longueuil—Pierre-Boucher
Jean-Yves Laforest Saint-Maurice-Champlain
Josée Beaudin Saint-Lambert
Judy Foote Random – Burin – St. George’s
Kevin Sorenson Crowfoot
Libby Davies Vancouver East
Louis Plamondon Bas-Richelieu—Nicolet—Bécancour
Mario Silva Davenport
Meili Faille Vaudreuil-Soulanges
Peter Stoffer Sackville—Eastern Shore
Pierre Paquette Joliette
Roger Pomerleau Drummond
Stephen Woodworth Kitchener Centre
Yves Lessard Chambly—Borduas
Yvon Lévesque Abitibi – Baie-James - Nunavik – Eeyou
Senator Consiglio Di Nino
Senator David Smith
Senator Lorna Milne
Senator Lucie Pépin
Senator Michel Rivard
Senator Nancy Ruth
Senator Nancy Ruth
Senator Percy E. Downe




We, the undersigned Canadian Parliamentarians, urge the Government of Canada to support a United Nation’s Commission of Inquiry, and referral of the situation in Burma to the International Criminal Court, as well as support for a Global Arms Embargo, and a binding UN Security Council resolution on Burma's military regime.

For years, Burma's military regime has committed grave human rights abuses that rise to the level of crimes against humanity. Among other mass atrocities, the regime has:

- destroyed 3000 ethnic minority villages
- recruited thousands of child soldiers
- used rape as a weapon of war,
-pressed millions of Burmese into forced labour, a modern-day form of slave labour, and
- through a scorched-earth military campaign, forced at least 1.5 million people to flee as refugees and internally displaced persons.

Recently one of the United Nation's most respected human rights experts, who served as special rapporteur to Burma for human rights from 2000-2008, Pauolo Sergio Pinheiro, wrote in the New York Times that "It is time for the United Nations to take the next logical step: The Security Council must establish a Commission of Inquiry into crimes against humanity and impunity in [Burma]." The Security Council took similar steps with regard to Rwanda, Bosnia, and Darfur. The situation in Burma is equally as critical.

Subsequently, five of the world's leading judges and jurists, including those that worked at the International Criminal Tribunals on Yugoslavia and Rwanda, commissioned a report by Harvard's International Human Rights Law Clinic, which called on the UN Security Council to immediately initiate an investigation into mass atrocities in Burma.

At the same time, while most of the world rightfully refuses to sell weapons to Burma's military regime, a few countries continue. The UN Security Council has the power to ban weapons sales to Burma, and we publicly support such an effort, which has been the Canadian Parliamentary Friends of Burma policy for over a year.

For too long, the world has looked in the other direction, as Burma's military regime has heaped mass atrocities on its own people. The trial of Honourary Canadian Citizen, Aung San Suu Kyi has rightfully placed the whole of Burma in the international spotlight. Now, it is time for action.

The undersigned Canadian parliamentarians:



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Députés et Sénateurs,

Le faux procès de la citoyenne canadienne honorifique et récipiendaire du prix Nobel de la paix Aung San Suu Kyi est la goutte d’eau qui fait déborder le vase de la part de cette horrible dictature militaire en Birmanie qui, vous le savez, a massacré des moines innocents, il n’y a pas si longtemps.

Vous trouverez ci-dessous une lettre que je vous invite à signer visant à montrer le mécontentement du Canada et, je l’espère, à mener à une action mondiale concrète pour mettre fin à cette dictature, un rêve qui échappe depuis si longtemps aux Birmans. De nombreux parlementaires du Royaume-Uni et des États-Unis participent à cette initiative. Veuillez signer la lettre et la retourner à mon bureau si vous souhaitez faire partie de cette initiative mondiale qui s’oppose à cette dictature cruelle.


L. Bagnell

Hon. Larry Bagnell, P.C., M.P.
Chair of the Parliamentary Friends of Burma / Président des Parlementaires amis de la Birmanie



Nous, les parlementaires canadiens soussignés, exhortons le gouvernement du Canada à appuyer la constitution d’une commission d’enquête des Nations Unies et le renvoi à la Cour pénale internationale de la situation en Birmanie, et à militer en faveur d’un embargo international sur les armes et d’une résolution exécutoire du Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU sur le régime militaire birman.

Pendant des années, le régime militaire birman a commis de graves violations des droits de la personne, qui ont pris de telles proportions qu’il n’est exagéré pas de parler de crimes contre l’humanité. Entre autres atrocités, le régime a :

- détruit 3000 villages de minorités ethniques;
- recruté des milliers d’enfants soldats;
- utilisé le viol comme arme de guerre;
- contraint des millions de Birmans aux travaux forcés, qui sont une forme moderne d’esclavage;
- à cause de sa campagne militaire de la terre brûlée, forcé au moins 1,5 million de Birmans à quitter leurs maisons pour devenir des réfugiés ou des personnes déplacées à l’intérieur du territoire.

Récemment, l’un des spécialistes des droits de l’homme des Nations Unies les plus respectés, qui a été rapporteur spécial en Birmanie pour les droits de l’homme de 2000 à 2008, Pauolo Sergio Pinheiro, a écrit dans le New York Times qu’« il est temps pour les Nations Unies de passer à la prochaine étape logique : le Conseil de sécurité doit constituer une commission d’enquête sur les crimes contre l’humanité commis en Birmanie et l’impunité dont jouit ce pays ». Le Conseil de sécurité a déjà pris des mesures similaires à l’égard du Rwanda, de la Bosnie et du Darfour. La situation en Birmanie est tout aussi critique.

Par la suite, cinq des juges et juristes les plus influents au monde, notamment ceux qui faisaient partie des tribunaux pénaux internationaux pour la Yougoslavie et le Rwanda, ont commandé un rapport auprès de l’International Human Rights Law Clinic de Harvard, dans lequel les auteurs demandent au Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU de lancer sans délai une enquête sur les atrocités massives qui ont cours en Birmanie.

Pendant ce temps, alors que la majorité des pays refusent à juste titre de vendre des armes au régime militaire birman, d’autres pays continuent de le faire. Le Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU a le pouvoir d’interdire les ventes d’armes à la Birmanie, et nous tenons à faire savoir publiquement que c’est la position que nous défendons et que prônent aussi les Parlementaires canadiens amis de la Birmanie depuis plus d’un an.

Depuis trop longtemps, le monde ferme les yeux sur les atrocités massives commises par le régime militaire birman à l’endroit de sa population. Grâce au procès de la citoyenne canadienne honoraire, Aung San Suu Kyi, les feux de l’actualité internationale sont maintenant braqués sur la Birmanie. L’heure est donc à l’action.

Les parlementaires canadiens soussignés :



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ျမန္မာနုိင္ငံအမ်ဳိးသမီးမ်ားေန႕တြင္ ထုပ္ျပန္ေသာ ဗဟုိအမ်ဳိးသမီးလုပ္ငန္းအဖြဲ႕၏ ေၾကညာစာတမ္း